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History Timeline 1800s
By Mike Stailey
| Pre-1800 | Article III of the Jay Treaty (123k, PDF Format) (1794) between the United States and British government declared the right of aboriginal peoples (people indigenous to Canada and/or the US) to trade and travel between the United States and Canada The Anderdon Wyandot have villages and territory established in Sandwich (present day Windsor Ontario), Anderdon (present day Amhurstburg Ontario), Brownstown (present day Gibraltar MI) and Maguagua (present day Wyandotte MI) |
| 1800 | Treaty Number 12 with the British Government (912k, PDF Format) Sandwich (aka Huron Church Reserve) territory is ceded Territory for building of road from Anderdon reserve to Sandwich is ceded |
| 1808 | Treaty of Brownstown with the United States Government (280k, PDF Format) Brownstown and Maguagua territory is given to the Wyandot as a reserve for 50 years provided they do not abandon the territory |
| 1809 | Anderdon, Michigan and Sandusky Wyandot Chiefs deliver to Governor Hull of the Michigan Territory a speech (63k, PDF Format) as to why the U.S. Government continues to take territory from the Wyandot promised them by General Anthony Wayne from the treaty of Greenville. Also inquires as to why the U.S. Government would place a 50 year restriction on Brownstown and Maguagua territory |
| 1812 - 1813 | War between the United States and Great Britain Fearing loss of Brownstown and Maguagua territory to the U.S. Government and at the behest of the British Government, the Anderdon Wyandot side with and are an ally to the British Government The Sandusky Wyandot side with and are an ally to the U.S. Government |
| 1814 | 2nd treaty of Greenville with the United States Government (293k, PDF Format) Treaty states Sandusky Wyandot to make no peace with the Anderdon Wyandot, other indigenous tribes or the British Government without the consent of the United States The Sandusky Wyandot affirm their fidelity to and under the protection of the United States |
| 1815 | Treaty of Spring Wells with the United States Government (402k, PDF Format) U.S. Government absolves Native Americans who supported the British in the War of 1812 |
| 1818 | Treaty of St. Mary’s with the United States Government (168k, PDF Format) Territory in Brownstown and Maguagua is ceded U.S. Government grants to the Wyandot reserve territory on the River Huron (aka the Huron Reserve - present day Wayne County, MI) |
| 1836 | Treaty number 46 with the British Government (279k, PDF Format) British Government divides Anderdon Reserve territory into 3 blocks labeled A, B, C Block A to be sold and proceeds given to Western Canada Native American tribes Block B to be reserved for the Anderdon Wyandot Block C, with exception of Stone Quarry, to be sold and proceeds to go to the Anderdon Wyandot Some members of the Anderdon Wyandot petition (831k, PDF Format) the King of Britain to protest local governments authority to force the Anderdon Wyandot ceding any part of the Anderdon reserve but local government rejects petition and forces the surrender of large parts of the reserve |
| 1842 | Treaty of Upper Sandusky with the United States Government (695k, PDF Format) The Huron reserve territory is ceded Anderdon and Michigan Wyandot residing at the Huron Reserve migrate to the Anderdon reserve in Canada, move to Kansas with the Sandusky Wyandot and some camp in tents on U.S. citizens farm land in MI |
| 1853 | Treaty number 71 with the British Government (359k, PDF Format) More territory of the Anderdon Reserve is ceded |
| 1854 | Treaty number 75 ½ with the British Government (264k, PDF Format) More territory of the Anderdon Reserve is ceded |
| 1863 | Treaty number 97 with the British Government (258k, PDF Format) Territory of Fighting Island in the Detroit River (near present day Amhurstburg Ontario) is ceded |
| 1874 | Treaty number 141 with the British Government Territory of Little Turkey Island in the Detroit River (near present day Amhurstburg) is ceded |
| 1875 | Treaty number 146 with the British Government Portions of the Anderdon Reserve territory (Block B) are ceded |
| 1876 | British Government passes consolidated Indian Act Also known as enfranchisement, allows entire bands of North American Natives to voluntarily become citizens of Canada thus giving up their rights to their traditions and way of life Discriminates against women who marry non-Native Americans by revoking their status as an Canadian Native American Canadian Native Americans who enfranchise will be allowed to hold land in fee simple instead of being held by the government on behalf of the band ** The Indian Act of 1876 on enfranchisement was later ruled as unconstitutional and overturned in 1982 (Bill C-31) by the Canadian Parliament (567k, PDF Format) |
| 1877–1892 | Multiple treaties with the British Government After continual pressure from the government and seeing their territory as well as their way of life disappearing the majority of the Anderdon Wyandot see no relief but to seek enfranchisement (653k, PDF Format) Cedes what is left of Anderdon Reserve territory Enfranchised Anderdon Wyandot members are allotted 50 acres each for the sum of $1.00 that will be held in fee simple by the individual member The Anderdon Wyandot reserve is no more and becomes the township of Anderdon (present day Amhurstburg) in the county of Essex, Ontario Canada |
References:
Early Canadiana Online
A Sketch account of Aboriginal Peoples In The Canadian Military - John Moses
Wyandot Treaties with United States 1785-1867 - Gertrude Free
Wyandot Treaties with Canada 1790-1892 - Gertrude Free
Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties - Charles J. Kappler
Oklahoma State University Library Electronic Publishing Center
Deeds / Nations - Greg Curnoe
Congress of Aboriginal Peoples - Minister of Indian Affairs
Archives of Ontario - www.archives.gov.on.ca/ENGLISH/exhibits/1812/detroit.htm
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